2016 Rio Olympics

網址:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics#Medals

2016 Summer Olympics

The 2016 Summer Olympics (Portuguese: Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016),^[a] officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was a major international multi-sport event held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 August to 21 August 2016.

More than 11,000 athletes from 205 National Olympic Committees, including first time entrants Kosovo, South Sudan, and the Refugee Olympic Team, took part.^[1][2] With 306 sets of medals, the games featured 28 Olympic sports, including rugby sevens and golf, which were added to the Olympic program in 2009. These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city, and at five in São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Brasília, and Manaus.

These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach.^[2] The host city Rio de Janeiro was announced at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 2 October 2009. Rio became the first South American city to host the Summer Olympics. These were the first games to be held in a Portuguese-speaking country, the first to be held entirely in the host country's winter, the first since 1968 to be held in Latin America, and the first since 2000 to be held in the Southern Hemisphere.^[3]

The lead-up to these Games was marked by controversies, including the instability of the country's federal government; health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay; and a doping scandal involving Russia, which affected the participation of its athletes in the Games.

The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics, winning the most golds (46) and most medals overall (121), as well as its 1,000th Olympic gold medal overall. Great Britain finished second and became the first country in the history of the modern Olympics to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation. China finished third. Host country Brazil won seven gold medals, its most at any single Summer Olympics, finishing in thirteenth place. Bahrain, Fiji, Jordan, Kosovo, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Tajikistan, Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals, as did the group of Independent Olympic Athletes (from Kuwait)

Structure of the lead:

WHO:Olympics

WHAT: about Olympics

WHEN:26 April 2016

WHERE:Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

WHY:not given

HOW:not given

Keywords:

entrant(n.):參賽者

venue(n.)場所:

rugby(n.):橄欖球

controversies(n.):辯論

instability(n.)不安定:

subsequent (a,):隨後的

entirely(adv.):完全地

Muhammad Ali

網址:http://heavy.com/sports/2016/06/muhammad-ali-cause-of-death-died-why-parkinsons-breathing-respiratory-health-what-happened/

Muhammad Ali Cause of Death: How Did the Legendary Boxer Die?

Muhammad Ali has passed away, according to WLKY. He was 74. He leaves behind nine children and a large extended family. (Learn more about his family here.)A family spokesman has revealed that the legendary boxer died from septic shock. Septic shock refers to a widespread infection that causes dangerously low blood pressure and organ failure. It can also make breathing more difficult and requires emergency treatment with oxygen, IV fluids, and antibiotics.

Ali had been hospitalized for serious breathing and respiratory issues and had been in an Arizona hospital for five days. He was fighting for his life and doctors talked about transporting him to a different part of the hospital after he first arrived, but it was decided that moving him was far too dangerous.

Ali was on life support, The Mirror reported, due to a breathing problem. His doctors said the problem was made worse by his Parkinson’s.

He was expected to recover, but then he gradually became worse and worse. After his wife and children arrived to say goodbye, he passed away.

Parkinson’s is a progressive disorder that develops gradually, at first just a slight tremor in one hand. But it progresses over time and can cause the face to show little expression, lack of swinging in the arms, slurred speech, and a shuffling gait. This is caused because certain neurons in the brain break down or die, according to Mayo Clinic. Patients lose neurons that produce dopamine.  Although breathing issues aren’t among the chief symptoms listed by Mayo Clinic, the slow stiffening of muscles can contribute to breathing problems. According to CT Post’s interview with Dr. Michael S. Okun, muscle weakness from Parkinson’s can harm a person’s ability to cough and swallow. This can put patients at risk of developing aspiration pneumonia, which occurs when food or liquid ends up in the lungs instead of being swallowed properly. In addition, rigid core muscles may impede the inflation and deflation of the lungs. At this point, it’s not known exactly what kind of breathing problem Ali was having, but only that his Parkinson’s may have made it worse.

Celebrities, families, and friends took to social media to rally their support for the beloved Ali while he was in the hospital, fighting for his life. Tim Shanahan, a life long friend, said that Ali had always said he wanted to have more good deeds than bad when he passed. And the man succeeded in his goal.

Ali has made fewer and fewer public appearances in the last few years as he suffered more deterioration from Parkinson’s. Doctors have said Ali likely developed Parkinson’s from being punches so many times during his long boxing career.

Gene Kilroy, Ali’s friend and manager, had called Ali a “prisoner in his own body” in November. But he also said that Ali had no fear and said he would stay here as long as God wanted him, and he had no regrets.

Structure of the lead:

WHO: Muhammad Ali

WHAT: serious breathing and respiratory issues

WHEN:age 74

WHERE:hospital

WHY:breathing problem

HOW:not given

Keywords:

extend(n.):廣度
respiratory(a.):呼吸的
progressive(a.):先進的
stiffening(n.):加勁
dopamine(n.):多巴胺
inflation(n.):膨脹
neuron(n.):神經元